Molecular characterization of cotton leaf curl Multan beta-satellite occurance on chili plants in Multan, Pakistan

The prevalence of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) has significantly hampered chili (Capsicum spp.) production, presenting a formidable challenge in Pakistan.During a chili field survey in 2018, distinct symptoms, including stunted growth, yellowing, and severe leaf curling, were observed on several plants.Subsequently, a comprehensive sampling eff

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Morphological supplementary description of Indocalamus semifalcatus (H. R. Zhao et Y. L. Yang) T. P. Yi (Bambusoideae)

In the protologue of Indocalamus semifalcatus (H.R.Zhao et Y.L.Yang) T.P.Yi, there were only parts of vegetative organs reported.Based on field population investigation, indoor Learning Toys stereoscopic anatomy and scanning electron microscope (SEM), its reproductive organs, complete vegetative organs and micromorphological features of the abaxial

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Zebras of all stripes repel biting flies at close range

Abstract Snorkels The best-supported hypothesis for why zebras have stripes is that stripes repel biting flies.While this effect is well-established, the mechanism behind it remains elusive.Myriad hypotheses have been suggested, but few experiments have helped narrow the field of possible explanations.In addition, the complex visual features of rea

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Conditions and effects of the Force Majeure in the 2016 amendments to the French Civil Code, and use it to eliminate the shortcomings of the Iranian legal system

In this article, the conditions and effects of the force majeure in the amendments to the French Civil Code adopted Suspension Installation Kit in 2016, in order to use the solutions of the French legislature to eliminate the shortcomings of the Iranian legal system have been studied by descriptive-analytical research method.The main question is wh

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